Die kriegerischen Geschäfte der Fotografie (The Military Business of Photography)

The first propagandists of photography were quick to prophesy a
military career for it. Thus in the 19th century officers, and
later also lower ranks, were amongst the regular clientele of
photo portrait studios. And in the entourage of armies
photographers too marched off into the Texas War (1846-1848) and
the Crimean War (1853-1856). The American Civil War (1861-1865)
was broadly documented in photographs, except for the battles
themselves. Already in the 1850's the military had begun to
examine photography's potential in reconnaisance and the
transmission of information. As exposure times rapidly became
shorter photographic possibilities with respect to speed began
to exceed those of the military. By dissecting photographs of
the movement of soldiers an optimum marching tempo could be
calculated; the capacity of units could be observed in
photographs of manouvres, by pursuing projectiles
photographically, wider studies in ballistics could be done. In
the large industrial countries at the turn of the century the
military potential of the implementation of photography was
tested, photographic training centres set up, own units trained
and textbooks published. Armies were being photographically
equipped for their first large scale-encounter in the new
century. (Published Abstract)


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